Learn Chinese for Free—Lesson 50
Today's Chinese characters:
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This is step 5 of 5 of our review process. All characters are ordered according to their usage percentage. Below you find all the dialogues you have studied until now.
Characters' Essentials
de

[particle] Used between a modifier and a noun
wǒ

I; me
shì

- | [verb] To be |
- | This verb ties two things, indicating that they are identical or that the second explains or states the case of the first |
nǐ

You
(singular)
(singular)
bù

ATTENTION: When it precedes a syllable of the fourth tone, it is pronounced in the second tone.

ATTENTION: When it precedes a syllable of the fourth tone, it is pronounced in the second tone.
Used to form a negative
yī

ATTENTION: When alone, before 十 or at the end of a word or a sentence, it is pronounced in the first tone. When it precedes a syllable of the first, second or third tone, it is pronounced in the fourth tone. It is pronounced in the second tone when it is followed by a fourth tone.

ATTENTION: When alone, before 十 or at the end of a word or a sentence, it is pronounced in the first tone. When it precedes a syllable of the first, second or third tone, it is pronounced in the fourth tone. It is pronounced in the second tone when it is followed by a fourth tone.
One
men

Used to show plural number:
1. after a personal pronoun;
2. after a noun that refers to people
ATTENTION: It's not used when the noun is preceded by a numeral or an intensifier
1. after a personal pronoun;
2. after a noun that refers to people
ATTENTION: It's not used when the noun is preceded by a numeral or an intensifier
tā

He, him
rén

Person
gè

Measure word used before nouns which do not have special measure words of their own (some nouns can be preceded by either it or other special measure words)
me

[affix] Suffix used in interrogatives, pronouns and adverbs
lái

Come
hǎo

Good, fine
huì

[verb] Be able to (after learning)
shàng

Upper, up, upward (in this lesson, 上 is not used with these meanings)
shuō

Speak, say
néng

Can
hé

And, together with
méi

[adverb] Used to indicate that an action or a situation did not take place or has not taken place
dà

Big
shén

First character of the word 什么 ("what"). Taken alone, it doesn't have any meaning.
duì

[adjective] Correct, right (anyway, in this lesson it's just the first character of the word 对不起)
zhōng

Centre, middle; in, among
zǐ

Son
yě

Also
shēng

- | Used as a suffix to a few nouns indicating categories of people |
- | In this lesson it's the second character of the words 先生 ("Mister") and 医生 ("Physician") |
tā

She, her
xià

Down (in this lesson, 下 is not used with this meaning)
hěn

Very
dōu

All
ma

Used at the end of a declarative sentence to transform it into a question
jiā

Family; home; a person or family engaged in a certain trade; a specialist in a certain field
qǐ

In this lesson it's just the third character of the word 对不起
tiān

Day
fà

Hair
yòng

Use, employ
diǎnr

[measure word] Indicates a tiny amount, a little, a bit, some
diǎn

[measure word] Used to indicate hours when telling time
nián

Year
zuò

Do, make; write, compose; writings, work
xiǎo

Small, little
zuò

Do, work at; make, manufacture, produce
miàn

Wheat flour
zěn

How, why
-r

Nonsyllabic final "r" added to a word in spoken Chinese, also called erhua or erization
ér

Child, son
xué

Study
jiàn

See
tā

It
míng

- | [noun] Immediately following in time |
- | [adjective] Clear, distinct |
shǒu

Hand; a person doing or good at a certain job
lǐ

Put in proper order, clean up, tidy up
wèn

Ask, inquire
jī

Machine, engine
xiè

Thank
zhě

Used after an adjective or verb as a substitute for a person or a thing
tài

Too; extremely; very
xiān

- | Earlier, before, first, in advance |
- | In this lesson it's the first character of the word 先生 ("Mister") |
nǚ

- | Woman |
- | In this lesson it's the first character of the word 女士 ("Ms, Miss") |
zài

Again
gōng

Work
tīng

[verb] Listen
liǎng

Two.
两 is generally used before measure words.
Don't use 二.
两 is generally used before measure words.
Don't use 二.
rì

- | Day |
- | Sun |
gāo

Tall, high; of a high level or degree
lǎo

- | Old |
- | Used as prefix: 1. addressing people to indicate respect; 2. indicating seniority level among brothers and sisters |
- | In this lesson it's the first character of the word 老师 ("Teacher") |
ne

Used at the end of an interrogative sentence to ask a question in connection with the preceding topic
jūn

Armed forces
rèn

Recognize, know
sān

Three
shēn

Body
shí

Ten
tǐ

Body, part of the body
xiàng

Direction
ài

To love
mā

Mum, mother
míng

Name; famous
mín

The people
wèi

Measure word for people, indicating respect
èr

Two
hái

Child
wén

Writing; culture
yuán

A person engaged in some field of activity
bái

[adjective] Clear; white
jīn

Now, today
yuè

- | Month |
- | Moon |
mǎ

- | Horse |
- | A surname |
qīn

Parent
shuǐ

Water; a general term for rivers, lakes, seas, etc.
jiào

Call, name
kǒu

Mouth
hǎi

Sea, big lake
wǎn

- | Evening (after sunset) |
- | Late; coming late |
qǐng

Please
shì

- | Soldier; a person trained in a certain field |
- | In this lesson it's the second character of the word 女士 ("Ms, Miss") |
bà

Dad, father
qī

A period of time
sì

Four
yǒu

Friend
sī

Attend to, take charge of, manage
qīng

Clear, distinct
shī

- | Teacher; example; a person skilled in a certain profession |
- | In this lesson it's the second character of the word 老师 ("Teacher") |
zhāng

- | Zhang, a surname (the n.3 most common Chinese surname) |
- | Open; magnify; measure word for flat objects, sheet (in this lesson, 张 is not used with these meanings) |
fū

A person engaged in manual labour
shí

Know; knowledge
wàn

Ten thousand
wǔ

Five
zì

Character, word
zǎo

- | [greeting] Good morning (until 8-9 a.m.) |
- | [adjective] Early, in advance, beforehand |
yī

- | [noun] Medicine; physician |
- | [verb] Cure |
- | In this lesson it's the first character of the word 医生 ("Physician") |
gāng

Hard, strong
nán

Man, male
shù

Art
wáng

- | Wang, a surname (actually the n.1 most common Chinese surname!) |
- | King, monarch, emperor (in this lesson, 王 is not used with these meanings) |
xìng

Excitement
yīng

Britain; English
péng

Friend
hào

Number; date
zhōu

- | Zhou, a surname (the n.10 most common Chinese surname) |
- | Week |
liú

Study abroad
xīng

Star
fù

Father
lín

- | Forest, woods, grove |
- | Lin, a surname |
dǎo

Guide
bāo

Package, bag
bǎi

Hundred
mǔ

Mother
shāng

Merchant; commerce
lǜ

Law
yǔ

Language
nín

You (indicating respect)
gē

Elder brother
jì

Skill, technique
bā

ATTENTION: When it precedes a syllable of the fourth tone, as a non-compulsory alternative it can be pronounced in the second tone.

ATTENTION: When it precedes a syllable of the fourth tone, as a non-compulsory alternative it can be pronounced in the second tone.
Eight
liù

Six
dì

Younger brother
lán

Orchid
xiǎn

A place difficult of access; danger
jiě

Elder sister
gǔ

Ancient, paleo-, archeo-
jiǔ

Nine
máng

[adjective] Busy
qiān

Thousand
lǐ

- | Li, a surname (the n.2 most common Chinese surname) |
- | Plum; plum tree (in this lesson, 李 is not used with these meanings) |
zhí

Office, post, position
nóng

Agriculture; farmer
qī

ATTENTION: When it precedes a syllable of the fourth tone, as a non-compulsory alternative it can be pronounced in the second tone.

ATTENTION: When it precedes a syllable of the fourth tone, as a non-compulsory alternative it can be pronounced in the second tone.
Seven
bō

Wave
wèi

Defend
huáng

- | Huang, a surname (the n.7 most common Chinese surname) |
- | Yellow; pornographic (in this lesson, 黄 is not used with these meanings) |
tàn

Explore
chén

- | Chen, a surname (the n.5 most common Chinese surname) |
- | Lay out, put on display; stale, old (in this lesson, 陈 is not used with these meanings) |
màn

Slow
jīng

The capital of a country
miǎn

Should not, not be allowed
mù

Tree; wood, timber
hàn

Han ethnic group; Han Dynasty (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.)
huà

Paint, draw
bó

Abundant; have a wide knowledge of
shǒu

Guard, defend
zá

Miscellaneous, sundry
hú

- | Moustache, beard |
- | Hu, a surname |
huò

Goods, commodity
wǔ

Noon, midday
yì

Art
mèi

Younger sister
yá

Tooth
guì

- | Expensive, costly; precious; honourable |
- | Your (term of respect used in polite expressions) |
yì

Hundred million
xìng

Surname (noun); one's surname is (verb)
líng

Zero
líng

Zero (mostly used in numbers)
Description and Examples
Dialogue 1
A:
你好!
B:
你好!
Dialogue 2
A:
您好!
B:
您好!
A:
请问您贵姓?
B:
我免贵姓王。
⋯
A:
老师好!
B:
你好!
A:
请问老师贵姓?
B:
免贵姓李。
⋯
A:
你好医生,请问你贵姓?
B:
我姓张。
Dialogue 3
A:
您好!
B:
您好!
A:
请问您贵姓?
B:
我免贵姓张。
A:
很高兴认识您。
Dialogue 4
A:
你好先生,请问你会说英文吗?
B:
不会。
⋯
A:
您好女士,请问您会说英语吗?
B:
会。你不会说中文吗?
A:
不会。
Dialogue 5
7:00 a.m.
A:
老师早。
B:
你早。
⋯
A:
早上好。
C:
早上好。
⋯
A:
老师再见。
B:
再见。
⋯
8:00 p.m.
A:
晚上好。
D:
晚上好。
Dialogue 6
A:
早上好。
B:
早上好。
⋯
A:
上午好。
C:
上午好。
⋯
A:
中午见。
B:
中午见。
⋯
C:
下午见。
A:
再见。
⋯
A:
下午好。
C:
下午好。
⋯
C:
再见。
A:
晚上见。
⋯
C:
晚上好。
A:
晚上好。
Dialogue 7
A:
你们早!
B、C:
你早!
D:
早,你们好!
A、B、C:
你好!
Dialogue 8
A:
你好!
B:
你好!
A:
他是你的老师吗?
B:
他不是我的老师,他是我的朋友。
A:
你的朋友是不是医生?
B:
他不是医生。
Dialogue 9
A:
你认识他吗?
B:
不认识。
A:
他是我的朋友。
Dialogue 10
A:
你好吗?
B:
我很好。
A:
你忙吗?
B:
我很忙。你忙吗?
A:
我不忙。
Dialogue 11
A:
老师,您好!
B:
你好!
A:
您忙吗?
B:
不忙。
Dialogue 12
A:
你好吗?
B:
很好。你好吗?
A:
我也很好。
B:
你认识他吗?
A:
不认识。
B:
他是我的老师,也是我的朋友。
Dialogue 13
A:
你好吗?
B:
很好。你呢?
A:
我也很好。
Dialogue 14
A:
你们好!
B、C:
你好!你好吗?
A:
很好。你们呢?
B、C:
我们也都很好。
Dialogue 15
A:
你认识他们吗?
B:
认识。
A:
他们都是老师吗?
B:
不是。一个是老师,一个是医生。
Dialogue 16
A:
你和她是朋友吗?
B:
是。她是我的女朋友。
Dialogue 17
A:
你认识一个律师吗?
B:
认识。
A:
一个技师呢?
B:
也认识。
Dialogue 18
A:
你来吗?
B:
我来。
A:
你的老师来不来?
B:
他也来。
Dialogue 19
A:
你妈妈、哥哥、姐姐、弟弟来吗?
B:
他们都来。
Dialogue 20
A:
医生,您好!
B:
你好。
A:
您儿女都好吗?
B:
他们都好。
A:
他是您儿子吗?
B:
不是,他是我弟弟。
A:
您孩子是他吗?
B:
也不是。
Dialogue 21
A:
你早!
B:
你早!
A:
你身体好吗?
B:
很好。谢谢!
Dialogue 22
A、B:
王老师好!
C:
你们好!
A、B:
您身体好吗?
C:
很好。谢谢!
A、B:
再见!
C:
再见!
Dialogue 23
A:
你的老师今天来吗?
B:
来。
Dialogue 24
A:
今天三月二号吗?
B:
今天三月一号。明天三月二号。
A:
明早见!
B:
明早见!
Dialogue 25
A:
今天星期四吗?
B:
今天不是星期四,明天星期四。
Dialogue 26
A:
你认识我父母吗?
B:
不认识。
A:
他是我父亲,她是我母亲。
B:
你们好,我是你们儿子的朋友。
C、D:
你好!
Dialogue 27
A:
你早!
B:
你早!
A:
你工作忙吗?
B:
很忙。你呢?
A:
我不忙。
B:
你父母身体好吗?
A:
他们都很好,谢谢!
B:
他们工作忙吗?
A:
他们也不忙。
Dialogue 28
A:
今天是不是工日?
B:
今天星期天,不是工日。
Dialogue 29
A:
你父亲是不是工人?
B:
是。
Dialogue 30
A:
您早!
B:
你早!
A:
老师忙吗?
B:
很忙。你呢?
A:
我不太忙。
Dialogue 31
A:
你好!
B:
你好!
A:
你父母身体好吗?
B:
他们身体不太好。
Dialogue 32
A:
老师,您贵姓?
B:
我姓李。您呢?
A:
我也姓李!他们四个老师呢?
B:
男的也姓李。三个女的都不姓李,一个姓陈,一个姓黄,一个姓周。
A:
您、我、他和九千万人都姓李!
Dialogue 33
A:
你认识我的老师吗?他们是李老师、王老师、张老师、陈老师和周老师。
B:
认识。李老师、王老师和周老师也都是我的老师。
Dialogue 34
A:
你好!你姓什么?
B:
我姓陈。
A:
她姓什么?
B:
她也姓陈。
A:
她也是工人吗?
B:
她不是工人,她是医生。
Dialogue 35
A:
我女儿的医生姓林。你认识她吗?
B:
认识。林医生是我姐姐!
A:
你不姓周吗?
B:
我不姓周,我也姓林。你贵姓?
A:
我姓陈,我妈妈姓胡。
B:
你母亲是老师吗?
A:
是。
B:
她是我儿子的老师。
A:
李老师也是你儿子的老师,她是我妈妈的好朋友。
Dialogue 36
A:
您好!您贵姓?
B:
我姓林。
A:
什么lin2?
B:
两个木的林。您贵姓?
A:
我姓胡。
B:
什么hú?
A:
古月胡。他姓什么?
B:
他姓明,明天的明。
A:
再见!
B:
再见!
Dialogue 37
A:
医生,您贵姓?
B:
我姓李。你叫什么名字?
A:
我叫王明。她姓什么?
B:
她姓陈。
Dialogue 38
A:
我叫李刚,你叫什么名字?
B:
我叫李波。
A:
认识你,我很高兴。
B:
认识你,我也很高兴。
Dialogue 39
A:
我叫李海,你姓什么?
B:
我姓王,我叫王军。
A:
认识你,很高兴。
B:
认识你,我也很高兴。
Dialogue 40
A:
马小清,你好!
B:
你好,王军!
A:
你做什么工作?
B:
我是技师,你呢?
A:
我是医生也是老师。今天你工作吗?
B:
今天周日,我不工作。周一、周二、周三、周四和周五我工作。周六和周日我不工作。
Dialogue 41
A:
您是面包师吗?
B:
不是。
A:
是面包工人吗?
B:
也不是。我的好朋友是面包师,我是他的学生!
Dialogue 42
A:
明天周博士的爱人来我家做面包。你来吗?
B:
不来,我明天工作。
A:
你星期天工作吗?你做什么工作?
B:
我是守卫者。
A:
你呢?你来吗?
C:
我也不来。明天理发师来我家。
A:
明天你不工作吗?
C:
不工作。
A:
你做什么工作?
C:
我是商人,你呢?
A:
我是艺术家。
Dialogue 43
A:
您是黄博士的司机吗?
B:
是。
A:
您认识王军吗?
B:
认识,他是黄博士的向导。您认识他吗?
A:
我也认识他,他是我的朋友。
B:
您也是向导吗?
A:
不是,我是农夫。
Dialogue 44
A:
今天的工作是什么?
B:
今天的工作是画家、杂货商和水手。
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